Basic Knowlegde of Agricultural Chemicals

7. Glossary of terms

Natural enemy

In an inter-species relationship in nature in which one preys on the other specifically, the predator is referred to as "a natural enemy" of the prey.

Biopesticide

Biopesticide refers to an agent in which microorganisms, natural enemies, and parasitic insects, and others used to control diseases and pests, are formulated to enhance applicability and efficacy.

ADI

Acceptable daily intake (the amount of a substance per 1 kg of body weight that can be ingested daily without health risk). This value is determined on the basis of the no observed adverse effect level obtained from long-term toxicity studies and other studies.

TGAI

Technical grade of active ingredient. This is a chemical compound produced in the chemical industry, which an agricultural chemical contains as an active ingredient. TGAI includes byproducts of synthesis, non-reactive raw materials, and decomposed matter, as well as the principle component of the agricultural chemical.

No observed adverse effect level

NOAEL. NOAEL refers to a level that can be ingested by animals daily over a lifetime without adverse effect on the health of the animals, which is obtained form toxicity studies. Unit: mg/kg/day

LD50

median lethal dose. A dose level that kills 50% of the subject animals within the set amount of time. This value varies depending on inter-species variation and administration route. The higher the value, the less toxic.

LC50

median lethal concentration. A concentration of the poisonous substance in air or in liquid, which kills 50% of the subject animals within the set amount of time. The higher the value, the less toxic.

ppm

Parts per million. By analogy, one gram in a 1-ton small truck.

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